城市水系统碳足迹管控研究进展

Research progress in carbon footprint management in urban water systems

关键词:  城市水系统  碳足迹  管控策略  可持续发展

Key words:  urban water systems  carbon footprint  management strategy  sustainable development

摘要:

“双碳”目标背景下,城市水系统因其高能耗、高药耗、高碳排特征,成为碳足迹管控的重点领域,亟需探索低碳发展路径和可持续运维方案。为此,本研究聚焦饮用水厂、污水处理厂以及供排水管网等关键基础设施,梳理了城市水系统碳足迹的来源、特征和形成机制,总结了饮用水生产、污水处理以及供排水输送各环节碳减排的核心思路与可行策略。饮用水厂应从材料研发、工艺优化、智能管控及清洁能源替代等角度出发,重点控制其运行能耗及化学品用量；污水处理厂除以上措施外还需额外建设能源回收与资源利用模块,充分保障碳补偿策略的实施；供排水管网应以科学规划和布局为核心,源头水量削减、管道定期检修和动态压力调控为辅助,对输配水泵组能耗进行控制。最后,提出了协同推进碳足迹管控的实施框架与建议,为城市水系统的低碳转型与可持续发展提供理论与技术支撑。

Abstract:

Under the "dual-carbon" goals, urban water systems, characterized by substantial energy consumption, chemical dosage, and carbon emissions, have emerged as a critical field for carbon footprint management and control, urgently requiring the exploration of low-carbon development pathways and sustainable operation and maintenance strategies. This study focuses on the key infrastructures of urban water systems, including drinking water treatment plants, wastewater treatment plants, and water supply and drainage networks. The main sources, characteristics, and formation mechanisms of carbon footprints within urban water systems are systematically reviewed. The core approaches and feasible strategies for carbon mitigation across drinking water production, wastewater treatment, and water conveyance processes are summarized. Drinking water treatment plants should focus on controlling operational energy consumption and chemical consumption by advancing material development, optimizing treatment processes, implementing intelligent operation, and adopting clean energy alternatives. Wastewater treatment plants, in addition to these measures, are required to incorporate additional energy recovery and resource utilization modules, ensuring the implementation of carbon offset strategies. Water supply and drainage networks should be anchored in scientific planning and rational spatial layout, supplemented by source wastewater reduction, routine pipeline maintenance, and dynamic pressure regulation to limit pumping energy. In addition, an implementation framework and recommendations for coordinated carbon footprint management and control in urban water systems are proposed, providing theoretical and technical support for the low-carbon transition and sustainable development of urban water systems.