V2B场景下BIPV公共建筑最优配置及调度策略

Optimal configuration and scheduling strategy of BIPV public building in V2B scenario

关键词:  光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)  电动汽车  双层优化  系统参数配置  电力负荷调度

Key words:  building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV)  electric vehicle  two-level optimization  system parameter configuration  power load scheduling

摘要:

利用电动汽车(EV)的移动储能特性参与建筑能源系统调度,已逐渐成为推动建筑领域迈向绿色低碳发展的重要举措之一,能够有效提升建筑的能源利用效率,同时降低建筑的运行成本。针对大型光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)公共建筑,提出一种考虑EV接入的BIPV建筑能源系统双层优化配置及调度方法。首先,利用高斯混合分布模型对电动汽车的日常出行行为进行拟合,构建基于公共建筑的EV出行规律模型。其次,为同时求解出系统的配置和调度结果,建立双层优化模型,在上层中以系统年规划成本最小为优化目标得到配置结果,在下层中以系统日运行成本最小为优化目标得到电力负荷调度结果。最后,给出双层优化模型求解方法,选取某大学校园内办公建筑采暖季的典型日天气负荷数据进行算例分析。结果表明:按照求解结果对建筑能源系统进行配置与调度能够有效提高光伏利用率,延长储能设备使用寿命。并且在系统中通过对比使用不同配置形式的储能方案发现,仅利用EV储能在长短期经济性上更具优势,能够实现良好的系统运行性能。

Abstract:

The integration of mobile energy storage capabilities of electric vehicles (EVs) into building energy system scheduling has gradually become a significant measure for advancing the green and low-carbon development of the construction sector, which can effectively enhance the energy efficiency of buildings while reducing operational costs. For large-scale building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) public buildings, a two-level optimization configuration and scheduling method for BIPV building energy systems, considering EV integration, is proposed. First, a Gaussian mixture distribution model is used to fit the daily travel behavior of EVs, establishing an EV travel pattern model based on public buildings. Next, to simultaneously determine the configuration and scheduling results of the system, a two-level optimization model is established: the upper level aims to minimize the annual planning cost of the system to obtain configuration results, while the lower level aims to minimize the daily operational cost of the system to obtain power load scheduling results. Finally, a solution method for the two-level optimization model is provided, and a case study is conducted using typical daily weather load data from the heating season of an office building on a university campus. The results indicate that configuring and scheduling the building energy system according to the solution results can effectively improve photovoltaic utilization and extend the service life of energy storage equipment. Furthermore, by comparing different energy storage schemes in the system, it is found that utilizing only EV energy storage is more advantageous in both long-term and short-term economics, and achieve good system operational performance.