磁性人工类细胞的仿生行为分析

Bionic behavior analysis of magnetic artificial cells

摘要:

细胞是生命的奥秘之源,也是生物所有生命活动的基本单元,因此构建一个有生命的人工系统所面临的首要挑战是如何复制生命的原始形式——细胞。为创造具有生命活力的类细胞系统,创新性地提出了一种设计策略,即通过磁场编程控制封装在气/液界面液滴中的磁性颗粒集群,制备出了具有活力的人工类细胞,并对其捕食和寄生等仿生行为的内在机制进行了详细的分析。首先,通过调控人工类细胞的基体液滴和磁场参数,复现了自然界中细胞的基础生命活动,包括迁移、捕食和寄生等。其次,通过研究液滴质量浓度、尺寸和液体种类对类细胞行为模式的影响规律,揭示了人工类细胞仿生行为的内在机制。最后,利用人工类细胞独特的捕食和寄生特性,设计并实施了一系列的水面污染物清理和微化学反应试验。研究结果表明,文中构建的人工类细胞系统具有良好的稳定性和操控性,能够完成多种细胞仿生行为,同时有望为医疗诊断与治疗、试剂检测和环境保护等领域提供了潜在的解决方案。

Abstract:

Cells are the mysterious source of life and the fundamental unit of all life activities in living organisms. The primary challenge in constructing a living artificial system lies in replicating the original form of life, namely, the cell. In order to create a system of cells with vitality, this paper innovatively proposed a design strategy. Specifically, by employing magnetic field programming to control clusters of magnetic particles encapsulated within droplets at gas/liquid interfaces, artificial cells with vitality were successfully fabricated. Furthermore, the paper conducted a detailed analysis of the underlying mechanisms driving their bionic behaviors, such as predation and parasitism. Firstly, by regulating the matrix droplets and magnetic field parameters of artificial cells, the basic life activities of cells in nature were reproduced, such as migration, predation, and parasitism. Then, according to the influence of the concentration, size, and liquid types of droplets on the behavior patterns of artificial cells, the paper revealed the underlying mechanism of the bionic behaviors of artificial cells. Finally, based on the predation and parasitism capabilities learned from the artificial cells, the paper designed and carried out a series of experiments on water surface pollutant removal and microchemical reactions. The results indicate that the artificial cell system presented here is of good stability and controllability, and it can achieve various bionic behaviors of cells. Moreover, it is expected to provide potential solutions for fields such as medical diagnosis and treatment, reagent testing, and environmental protection.