夏季玻璃幕墙热反射对周边环境微气候的影响

Impact of summer glass curtain walls thermal reflection on microclimate of surrounding environments

摘要:

为了解和掌握夏季玻璃幕墙热反射对周边环境微气候的影响,并提高对其因肉眼无法识别而鲜少受到关注的问题的重视,采用光学模拟、模型实验和实地测试的方式,确定反射区位置并量化幕墙热反射的影响。首先,应用光学镜面反射原理,揭示幕墙热反射的形成原理、变化规律和潜在危害；其次,以成都市春熙路广场及其周边幕墙建筑群为例,采用光学模拟、模型实验方法确定广场上热反射区的逐时位置,并通过实地热环境测试和对比,量化分析幕墙热反射的影响；最后,提出一系列管控幕墙热反射及其危害的应对策略。实验结果表明:与普通区相比,热反射区的平均辐射温度高出4～13 ℃,气温高出1～2 ℃,湿度低了5%～10%,热气候指数高出2～5 ℃。研究结果证实了夏季幕墙热反射对周边环境微气候及行人热舒适度影响显著,为此,需在城市规划和幕墙设计中纳入热反射管控策略,以降低其负面影响。

Abstract:

To understand and investigate the impact of summer thermal reflection from glass curtain walls on the microclimate of surrounding environments, and to raise awareness of this rarely acknowledged issue, which is often overlooked due to its invisibility, this study employed optical simulation, scale modeling, and field measurements to identify reflection zones and quantify thermal reflection effects. Firstly, the principles, variation patterns, and potential hazards of thermal reflection from curtain walls are explored using optical mirror reflection principles. Secondly, taking Chunxi Road Plaza and its surrounding curtain wall buildings in Chengdu as an example, optical simulation and experimental modeling methods were used to determine the hourly positions of thermal reflection areas on the square. Through on-site thermal environment testing and comparative analysis, the impact of curtain wall thermal reflection was quantified. Finally, a series of strategies were proposed to control curtain wall thermal reflection and mitigate its hazards. The results indicate that compared to normal areas, the average radiant temperature in thermal reflection areas was higher by 4 to 13 ℃, air temperature was elevated by 1 to 2 ℃, humidity was reduced by 5% to 10%, and the universal thermal climate index was increased by 2 to 5 ℃. These findings confirm the significant influence of summer curtain wall thermal reflection on microclimate environments and pedestrian thermal comfort. Therefore, incorporation of thermal reflection management strategies into urban planning and curtain wall design is imperative to reduce its negative impacts.