高比转速离心叶轮的参数化分析及优化设计

Parametric analysis and optimization design of high specific speed centrifugal impeller

摘要:

为提高高比转速离心泵的性能和解决多参数优化难的问题,提出一种基于变量降维和智能算法的优化设计方法。变量降维过程基于Pearson相关性分析方法,研究叶轮的18个设计变量对泵水力性能的影响,并选择其中8个具有高影响因子的变量作为最终的优化变量。优化过程基于拉丁超立方抽样方法生成160组设计样本,以最大化设计工况效率作为目标,利用人工神经网络和遗传算法对优化问题进行求解。优化结果经CFD验证:模型泵在设计工况点效率提高了3.02%,高效运行区得到了拓宽；相比于原始叶轮,优化后叶轮内湍动能分布得到了改善,不稳定流动结构减少。该方法对高比转速离心泵的设计具有良好的借鉴意义。

Abstract:

To improve the performance of high specific speed centrifugal pumps and to solve the problem of multi-parameter optimization, an optimal design method based on variable dimensionality reduction and intelligent algorithms was proposed in this paper. The variable dimensionality reduction process was based on the Pearson correlation analysis method, which investigated the influence of eighteen design variables of the impeller on the pump hydraulic performance, and selected eight of them with high influence factors as the final optimization variables. The optimization process was based on the Latin Hypercube Sampling method to generate 160 sets of design samples, and the optimization problem was solved by using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm with maximizing the design working efficiency as the objective. The optimization results are verified by CFD, and the efficiency of the model pump is improved by 3.02% at the design operating point, and the efficient operation zone is broadened; compared with the original impeller, the turbulent kinetic energy distribution in the optimized impeller is improved and the unstable flow structure is reduced.