简谐激励下TLD对高层结构减震性能

Seismic performance of TLD controlled high-rise structures subjected to harmonic excitation

摘要:

调谐液体阻尼器（TLD）是一种典型有效的结构响应被动控制装置。为解决已有报道中缺乏不同参数影响下TLD对高层结构的频域减震规律试验研究的问题,本研究建立了TLD-结构振动台实时子结构试验系统,通过一系列正弦激励试验,研究了不同参数下TLD对高层结构的频域减震性能。分别讨论了地震动频率与结构一阶频率比、TLD频率与结构一阶频率比、TLD与结构质量比、结构阻尼比以及正弦波输入幅值对TLD减震性能的频域影响规律。试验结果表明:输入荷载频率与TLD频率均为结构一阶频率时,TLD对结构加速度和位移减震综合效果最好,且在此频率比下,TLD减震效果随阻尼比增大而变差,但受输入幅值影响不明显；当输入荷载频率与TLD频率偏离结构频率时,除输入荷载频率低于结构频率时产生较大的负作用外,其余情况下TLD均不会明显增加结构的地震响应。TLD更适用于控制小阻尼比结构的共振响应成分,对远离结构自振频率的频率成分减震效果较差,且对小于结构自振频率的成分可能产生较大不利作用。

Abstract:

Tuned liquid damper (TLD) is a typical effective passive vibration control device. In view of the problem of lack of research on the damping properties of TLD for high-rise structures in frequency domain under the influences of different parameters, a real-time substructure testing system was established for evaluating seismic performance of high-rise buildings installed with TLD. A series of sinusoidal excitation tests were conducted to investigate the damping performance of TLD with different parameters in frequency domain. The influences of excitation frequency ratio, TLD frequency ratio, TLD mass ratio, structural damping ratio, and input amplitude on the seismic performance of TLD in frequency domain were discussed. Results show that TLD had the best damping effect on structural acceleration and displacement when the input excitation frequency and TLD frequency were both first-order frequency of the structure. Meanwhile, the damping effect of TLD became worse with the increase in damping ratio and was little affected by the input amplitude. When the input excitation frequency and TLD frequency deviated from the structural frequency, TLD did not significantly increase the response of the structure, except for the negative effect when the input excitation frequency was lower than the structural frequency. TLD is more suitable for controlling the resonance response components of structures with small damping ratios, has poor damping effect on the frequency components far away from the natural frequency of structures, and may have great adverse effects on the frequency components less than the natural frequency of structures.