高速滚动轴承不同磨损阶段的油气润滑策略研究

Oil air lubrication strategy for different wear stages of high speed rolling bearings

摘要:

为探究油气润滑条件下高速滚动轴承服役过程的最佳润滑策略,试验研究了钢制与Si₃N₄陶瓷两种滚动体材质的H7003C系列角接触球轴承在不同磨损阶段的润滑特性。通过标准工况试验、加速磨损试验和极限磨损试验方法,模拟研究滚动轴承磨损初期、中期以及临界失效阶段的润滑特性。试验结果表明:H7003C系列轴承在磨损初始阶段,存在一个最佳工况范围,此范围内的轴承温升变化在±3.5 ℃之间,且稳定运行时的振动速度方差小于0.029,此时油气润滑供气压力与供油量分别为1 Bar与0.8-0.98 mL/min,此条件下轴承的润滑效果最佳。随着磨损加剧直至轴承失效,轴承所需最佳供油量逐渐升高,特别当振动升高至磨损初期的2~2.5倍时,合理调整油气润滑的供油间隔可明显改善轴承的润滑情况。故油气润滑条件下轴承在不同磨损阶段具有不同的润滑要求,可根据不同磨损阶段下的工况变化合理调节油气参数,以获得滚动轴承各工况下的最佳润滑策略。

Abstract:

To explore the best lubrication strategy for the service process of high-speed rolling bearing under the condition of oil-gas lubrication, the lubrication performance of H7003C series angular contact ball bearing made of steel and Si₃N₄ ceramic rolling element materials at different wear stages was experimentally studied. The lubrication characteristics of rolling bearing in the early, middle and critical failure stages were simulated by standard condition test, accelerated wear test and limit wear test. The test results show that there are an optimal working condition range for H7003C series bearings in the initial stage of wear. As the oil air lubrication supply pressure is 1 Bar with quantity of 0.8-0.98 ml/min, the bearing temperature changes less than ±3.5℃ and the vibration velocity variance of the bearing in stable operation is less than 0.029, the lubrication performance of the bearing is the best under this condition. When the vibration value increases to 2-2.5 time of the initial value of wear, the lubrication condition of the bearing can be improved by adjusting the oil supply interval reasonably. Therefore, under the condition of oil-gas lubrication, the bearing has different lubrication requirements in different wear stages. The oil-gas parameters can be reasonably adjusted according to the changes of working conditions in different wear stages, so as to obtain the best lubrication strategy of rolling bearing under various working conditions.