增程式燃料电池车经济性与耐久性优化控制策略

Optimal control strategy for economy and durability of extended range fuel cell vehicle

摘要:

为了避免车用燃料电池由于启停变化、功率波动等状态而导致的性能衰退,在能量管理控制策略的开发过程中需要在保证经济性的同时兼顾燃料电池的耐久性。针对该目标,建立了基于改进动态规划算法的增程式燃料电池车经济性与耐久性优化控制策略,将燃料电池的启停状态设为状态变量,在燃料电池的启动和关闭状态之间增加怠速过渡阶段,实现了燃料电池的自适应启停间隔控制；并使用燃料电池性能衰退指数为耐久性代价,整车能耗为经济性代价,构建了经济性与耐久性联合代价函数。进行仿真并与经典动态规划策略对比,结果表明所建立策略的整车能耗比经典动态规划策略升高5.3%,燃料电池的输出功率稳定,启停变化较少,性能衰退程度比经典动态规划策略改善65.5%,有效保证了整车经济性与燃料电池的耐久性。

Abstract:

To avoid the performance degradation of vehicle fuel cells due to start-stop changes, power fluctuations and other states, in the development process of energy management strategy, it is necessary to consider the durability of fuel cells while ensuring the economy. In this paper, the start-stop state of fuel cell is set as the state variable, and the idle transition stage is added between the start-up and shutdown states of the fuel cell, so as to achieve the adaptive start stop interval control of the fuel cell. The joint cost function of economy and durability is constructed by using fuel cell performance degradation index as durability cost and vehicle energy consumption as economic cost. Based on the improved dynamic programming algorithm, a joint optimization energy management strategy for the economy and durability of extended range fuel cell vehicles is established. The simulation results show that the vehicle energy consumption of the proposed strategy is 5.3% higher than that of the classical dynamic programming strategy, the output power of the fuel cell is stable, the start-stop changes are less, and the performance degradation degree is improved by 65.5%, which effectively ensures the vehicle economy and fuel cell durability.