摩擦磨损试验机极地低温环境的模拟研究

Simulation on extreme low temperature environment with friction and wear tester

摘要:

为模拟极地甲板机械摩擦性能实验所需的低温环境,利用德国Julabo专家型超低温加热制冷循环器FP89-HL作为冷源,使用轻盈坚固的铝合金制作为腔体,研制出了分别用于往复摩擦磨损试验机和旋转销盘摩擦磨损试验机的两种低温腔. 建立了腔空气流动与换热的物理和数学模型,并运用FLUENT软件进行模拟仿真. 实验结果表明:在环境温度为18 ℃条件下,往复式低温腔内最低温度可达-64 ℃,旋转式低温腔内最低温度达-70 ℃,且仿真结果与腔体测温实验结果吻合良好. 将低温循环系统与摩擦磨损试验机相结合进行低温摩擦磨损环境的设计、模拟和实现,拓宽了摩擦磨损试验机的工作温度范围,相比于传统的仅对试样冷却的低温摩擦磨损试验机而言,通过环境冷却模拟真实的低温摩擦工况具有更加接近实际工作条件的优势.

Abstract:

To simulate the low-temperature environment required for the friction performance test of polar deck machinery, the German Julabo expert type ultra-low temperature heating refrigeration circulator FP89-HL was used as the cold source, and a light and sturdy aluminum alloy was used to make the chambers, then two cryogenic chambers for reciprocating friction and wear tester and rotating friction and wear tester were developed respectively. The physical and mathematical models of air flow and heat transfer in the chamber were established and simulated using FLUENT software. The experimental results show that the lowest temperature in the reciprocating cryogenic chamber can reach -64 ℃ and the lowest temperature in the rotating cryogenic chamber reaches -70 ℃ under the condition of the ambient temperature of 18 ℃. The simulation results are in good agreement with the cavity temperature test results. The environment design, simulation and implementation of the combination of low temperature cycle system and friction and wear testing machine broaden the operating temperature range of friction and wear testing machine. Compared to the traditional test environment which is only cooling the sample to low temperature, the new environment which is simulating real low temperature friction conditions through ambient cooling has the advantage of being closer to the actual working conditions.