一种顾及辐射畸变的多波束与侧扫声呐通用海底底质分类方法

A universal seabed classification method of multibeam and sidescan sonar images in consideration of radiometric distortion

摘要:

声学海底底质分类对于海底环境和生态系统的研究具有重要意义,而多波束与侧扫声呐是目前最常用于探测海底底质的声呐设备.然而,多波束与侧扫声呐都严重地受到辐射畸变的影响,导致声呐图像噪声较大且难以消除,进而造成对海底底质的误判,并且多波束与侧扫声呐通用底质分类方法目前仍然较为缺乏.为此,本文提出了一种顾及辐射畸变的多波束和侧扫声呐的通用海底底质分类方法.该方法包括了对声呐图像中辐射畸变的改正、针对两种声呐数据特点的不同角度数据归一化、分类数自适应的非监督底质分类以及形态学去除底质图像噪声的步骤,并给出了完整的多波束与侧扫声呐通用海底底质分类流程.将本文方法应用于福建沿海同水域下实测的多波束与侧扫声呐数据得到了该水域的底质分类图像.实验结果表明了同区域下的多波束与侧扫声呐数据通过本文方法得到的底质分类结果具有较高的一致性,证明了通用底质分类方法的有效性,同时通过相互验证也提高了底质分类结果的可靠性.

Abstract:

Acoustic seabed classification is significant for the study of the seabed environment and the ecosystem, in which multibeam and sidescan sonars are the most common sonar equipment. However, multibeam and sidescan sonars are both largely affected by radiometric distortion, which makes the noise of the sonar image too big to be eliminated and the seabed sediment misinterpreted. Moreover, the universal seabed classification methods for multibeam and sidescan sonars are still deficient. Therefore, this paper proposes a universal seabed classification method of multibeam and sidescan sonars in consideration of radiation distortion. Steps of the method include correction of radiometric distortion, normalization of both mulitbeam and sidescan sonars data, adaptive unsupervised seabed classification, and morphological image denoising. A complete universal seafloor classification procedure was also presented. The proposed method was applied to the same water area in Fujian Coast, where multibeam and sidescan sonars data were both measured and the seabed classification results of the water area were obtained. Experimental results show that the seabed classification results processed from multibeam and sidescan data in the same water area were in high consistency, which verifies the validity of the universal seabed classification method and improves the reliability of the classification results through mutual verification.