新型太阳墙供热性能的实验研究

Experimental study on heating performance of anovel designed Trombe wall

摘要:

为解决传统太阳墙在白天对空气加热存在滞后, 夜间集热墙体向外散热严重等问题, 设计了新型太阳墙结构, 并搭建了供热性能测试实验台.通过对太阳辐射强度、室外空气温度、风口温度、集热板温度, 以及室内温度场等参数测量, 定量分析新型太阳墙的热性能随室外环境的变化规律.对连续3个典型室外环境日下的系统性能分析表明：太阳墙的送风口最高温度为31.6 ℃, 实验房间内最高温度达24.1 ℃, 最低温度12.9 ℃, 平均温度为18.4 ℃, 实验房间与对比房间最高温差为3.3 ℃, 当太阳辐照平均强度为438.4 W/m²时, 实验房间温升速率达1.4 ℃/h.室内温度频率分布的计算结果表明, 实验房间温度在52.8%的时间内达到18 ℃以上.因此, 新型太阳墙结构在日间能够及时将得热输送到室内, 并且在夜间可以维持一定的温度水平, 全天将室内温度控制在人体感觉舒适的范围内, 有效改善室内热环境.

Abstract:

To solve the drawbacks of the traditional Trombe wall, such as a lag of air heating during the daytime and heat transfer from hot wall to outside at night, this paper presented a newly designed Trombe wall with the solar energy absorber inside the interlayer. The temperature variation and thermal performance of the Trombe wall were analyzed quantitatively by measuring the temperature and solar radiation intensity in the experimental room and control room with the outdoor environment. The experimental results were obtained by analyzing the data of three typical outdoor environment days in a row. The results indicated that the maximum temperature difference between the experimental room and the control room was 3.3 ℃. In the experimental room, the maximum and lowest temperatures were 24.1 ℃ and 12.9 ℃ respectively with the average temperature of 18.4 ℃, and the maximum temperature of the air supply was 31.6 ℃. The increase rate of air temperature in the experimental room reached 1.4 ℃/h under the average solar radiation intensity of 438.4 W/m². Within 52.8% of the total time, the temperature in the experimental room was above 18 ℃ according to the indoor temperature frequency distribution. The experimental results showed that the heat gain can be timely delivered to indoor during the daytime, and can maintain a certain level in the night. Therefore, human body will feel comfortable all day due to the control of the indoor temperature range and the indoor environment could be improved effectively when using this novel Trombe wall.