面向三轴气浮台的室内星敏感器定姿方法

The attitude estimation of the triaxial air bearing table based on an indoor star tracker

摘要:

为解决三轴气浮台垂直于地面转轴转角(偏航轴转角)难以精确测量的问题，提出了使用室内星敏感器进行三轴姿态角测量的方法.考虑到室内星敏感器与在轨星敏感器工作环境的区别，基于在轨星敏感器姿态测量方法对室内星敏感器姿态测量方法进行了研究与改进.在建立室内星敏感器姿态测量模型的基础上，采用迭代算法寻优得到三轴台高精度的三轴姿态.针对迭代算法对初始值要求较为严格的情况，采用粒子群优化算法寻优得到初始姿态矩阵.数学仿真结果验证了室内星敏感器测姿方法能够在快速测量3个转轴转角的基础上，提高偏航轴转角的精度.

Abstract:

In order to measure the Euler angle of the axis perpendicular to the ground level (yaw axis) of the triaxial air bearing table, a new approach for attitude estimation using an indoor star tracker is proposed. Considering the difference of the working condition between the indoor star tracker and the star tracker on orbit, this study is to improve the indoor-star tracker attitude estimation. The iterative attitude algorithm is used in the attitude estimation model of the indoor-star tracker to achieve a higher precision attitude. Because the iterative attitude algorithm requires a good guess of initial altitude matrix, an attitude optimization using the particle swarm optimization is introduced to get the initial attitude matrix. The simulation results show that the improved attitude estimation based on an indoor-star tracker can improve the attitude estimation precision of the yaw axis when measuring all three Euler angles efficiently.