华亭煤田冲击地压定向解危技术

Rockburst orientation controlling technology for Huating coal mine

摘要:

针对华亭煤田各煤矿冲击地压显现时底板鼓起严重的现象，采用横向（巷道横截面）卸压和纵向（沿巷道走向）卸压相结合的方式来消除冲击危险.在巷道两脚布置钻孔，水平应力在钻孔上分解后形成的静摩擦力会挤压底板使之向下运动，并通过两侧钻孔卸压爆破形成底板裂隙区来隔断底板深部传来的应力；同时在巷道中每隔一段距离设置一个破碎带，破碎带起到"弹簧体"的作用，吸收沿巷道走向方向水平应力所带来的能量.研究表明，经计算定向解危方法吸收能量（10⁸ J）远大于微震系统已经测得的矿区冲击危险源产生的能量级别（10⁶ J），对底板型的冲击地压现象能够起到很好的防治作用.现场实施情况良好，有效减轻了煤矿巷道底板鼓起的现象.

Abstract:

According to the serious phenomenon of floor swelling during the coal mine burst in Huating coal field, measures which the transverse pressure relief (roadway cross-section) and the longitudinal pressure relief (along the roadway) were taken to eliminate the danger of rockburst. The static friction, which is caused by the horizontal stress in the borehole of roadway floor, would squeez the floor causing downward movement. The pressure of the floor was relieved through the fissure zone formed by the borehole blasting. A fracture zone in the tunnel was arranged at intervals, which played a role of " the spring body", to absorb the energy caused by the horizontal stress along the tunnel direction. The calculation results show that the energy absorption caused by the orientation controlling method was far greater than the energy level (10⁶ J) caused by mining shock hazard tested by the microseism monitoring system. Thus the orientation controlling method can have very good effects on avoiding the floor type rockburst phenomenon. Testing in a mine field, the implementation of the measures for a mine field was good and basically eliminated the phenomenon of tunnel floor swelling.