跌水式人工湿地处理溢流雨污水的效能

Treatment efficiencies of the sewer and rain-fall overflow with water-fall wetland

摘要:

为改善汉江水电站库区水质,考察了跌水式人工湿地应用于合流制排水系统雨季溢流污染的治理情况,以维护附近生态环境平衡．通过与普通湿地的比较,发现3级跌水式湿地对COD、氨氮、总氮及总磷的去除率均高于普通湿地,分别高13.1％、7.9％、6.1％和6.0％．跌水型湿地具有较好的溶解氧梯度,而普通湿地末端容易形成厌氧环境．Biolog微平板试验的结果表明,跌水型湿地中的微生物对糖类及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物、脂肪酸及脂类、代谢中间产物及次生代谢物的利用程度更高．PCR-DGGE分子图谱技术分析表明,跌水型湿地的微生物种群普遍比普通湿地的微生物群落结构组成丰富,且特有的功能微生物与污染物去除相关．

Abstract:

For the improvement of the water quality and eco-balance in the area of Jianghan hydropower station, the treatment of water-fall wetland to the combined sewer overflow pollution was investigated. The comparison with ordinary wetland illustrated the higher removal rates for COD, ammonia, total nitrogen, total phosphorous of the water-fall wetland, with the percentage of 13.1％, 7.9％, 6.1％ and 6.0％,respectively. The water-fall wetland embraced more appropriate gradient of dissolved oxygen, while the end of the ordinary wetland turned easily to be anaerobic. The Biolog Ecoplate confirmed the higher microbial utilization of carbohydrate and its derivatives, amino acids and its derivatives, fatty acid, lipid, metabolic intermediate and secondary metabolites in the water-fall wetland. PCR-DGGE analysis presented more diversified microbial structures in the water-fall wetland, and in which the dominant species were highly related with the removal of the pollutants.