场流分离的发展及在环境领域中的应用

Field-flow fractionation：fundamental advances and applications in the environment

摘要:

场流分离作为色谱技术的一个分支领域,在分离大分子物质、粒径为1 nm～100 μm的颗粒物及胶体粒子等方面具有独特的优势．介绍了场流分离的原理及其4种分离方法,即热场流分离、沉降场流分离、流场流分离及电场流分离；总结了这4种方法的研究现状,特别论述了场流分离在环境领域的应用,同时指出了现有场流分离方法在小型化与商业化方面急需解决的瓶颈．作为一种独特的微流体分离方法,场流分离能够与多种分析监测技术联用,并且随着声、光、磁学器件集成技术的快速发展,场流分离必将成为极具发展潜力的便携式分离分析仪器,为环境原位分析提供更有力的工具．

Abstract:

Field-flow fractionation, hold great promises as a branch of chromatography to improve separation of macromolecules, particles and colloids ranging from 1 nm up to100 μm. This paper presents the concept, theory and varieties of field-flow fractionation, including thermal field-flow fractionation, sedimentation field-flow fractionation and electrical field-flow fractionation, and also gives a better understanding of how to utilize these technologies as well as to provide appropriate technical solutions to environmental issues. Our argument also raises the bottleneck in miniaturization and commercialization of filed-flow fractionation. Furthermore, field flow fractionation, couple with many analytical techniques, can be adapted to a wide range of applications. With the development of integration techniques in acoustics, optics and magnetics, a portable field-flow fractionation instrument which serves the environmental monitoring will come true.