几种纳米材料对斑马鱼孵化和致畸效应的影响

Effects of nanomaterials on the hatching and malformation rate of zebrafish embryos

摘要:

为评价纳米材料的生态毒性,选用斑马鱼胚胎作为受试生物,考察ZnO、TiO₂和碳纳米管3种纳米材料对斑马鱼胚胎孵化及致畸效应的影响．配置一系列不同质量浓度的纳米材料溶液,对受精1 h的斑马鱼胚胎进行暴露,记录36~96 h内胚胎的孵化率及累计孵化率．结果表明：纳米ZnO对胚胎孵化率有抑制作用,在50及100 mg／L的暴露组,孵化率显著低于对照组,虽然Zn2+有溶出,但对孵化率没有显著影响,同时,纳米ZnO暴露导致胚胎畸形,表现为心包水肿；碳纳米管对胚胎孵化率没有显著抑制,但能够使斑马鱼胚胎孵化延迟,且与暴露浓度存在浓度剂量效应关系；在本实验浓度范围内,急性暴露纳米TiO₂对胚胎孵化率与畸形率没有显著影响．

Abstract:

To evaluate the ecotoxicity of nanomaterials, zebrafish embryos were selected as biological subjects, the toxicity of nano-ZnO, nano-TiO₂ and carbon nanotubes on zebrafish embryos hatching rate and teratogenic rate were assessed. Zebrafish embryos of 1 h post fertilization were exposed to a series of different concentrations of nanomaterial solutions, and hatching rate and cumulative hatchability at 36-96 h were recorded. The results showed although Zn2+ has dissolved, But little effect on hatchability,nano-ZnO was more significant inhibition on embryo hatching, in 50 and 100 mg／L nano-ZnO exposure group. Nano-ZnO also causing pericardial edema. Carbon nanotubes did not affect hatching rate but might cause hatching delay, and exert concentration-dose relationship. In the range of this experimental concentrations, acute exposure nano-TiO₂ has no significant influence on hatching rate and malformation rate.