驾驶员夜间对过街行人的视认规律

Driver recognition rule for crossing pedestrian at nighttime

摘要:

为了给合理确定人行横道处的夜间最高限速值与道路照明指标提供理论依据,保证过街行人夜间出行安全,开展了驾驶员夜间对过街行人的视认距离随行驶车速及路灯平均照度的变化规律研究．针对6处人行横道单个静止并着深色衣服的过街行人,采集了8名驾驶员对其夜间视认距离的数据．采用回归分析的方法,构建了不同照度条件下的驾驶员夜间视认距离与行驶车速关系模型、不同车速等级下的驾驶员夜间视认距离与平均照度关系模型,以及驾驶员夜间视认距离-行驶车速-平均照度关系模型．结果表明,驾驶员夜间对过街行人的视认距离随行驶车速的提高而降低,二者呈负线性相关;随平均照度的提高而增加,二者呈正对数相关．

Abstract:

To provide theoretical basis for determining reasonable maximum speed limit value and lighting parameter at crosswalk, and ensure crossing pedestrian safety at nighttime, considering driving speed and average illuminance of street lamp, the change rule of driver recognition distance for crossing pedestrian was studied. Single and statistic pedestrian with dark clothes at six crosswalks were regarded as recognition object, and eight drivers′ recognition distance data at nighttime were recorded. With the collected data, several regression models were established to capture the relationship among the variable of recognition distance, driving speed, and average illuminance. The result shows that the driver recognition distance at nighttime decreases with the raise of driving speed and there is negative relationship between them, and it increases with the raise of average illuminance and there is positive logarithm relationship between them.