有应急车辆的双车道交通流元胞自动机模型

A two-lane cellular automaton traffic flow model with influence of emergency vehicle

摘要:

为明确应急车辆对交通流的影响,引入应急车辆影响区域和普通车辆让行概率,修改换道规则,建立了双车道元胞自动机模型.通过计算机数值模拟,生成不同密度下的时空图以及不同参数取值下的密度-流量、密度-速度基本图. 研究表明:应急车辆影响区域的设置提高了0.08～0.18密度范围内的车流量和速度,同时提高了所有密度条件下的应急车辆速度;在密度大于0.08时,让行概率对换道次数产生明显影响.应急车辆促使较低密度的交通流更为均衡,对较高密度的交通流干扰有限.

Abstract:

A two-lane cellular automaton model was developed to analyze traffic flow considering influence of emergency vehicle. The affected areas of emergency vehicle and the give way probability of general vehicles was introduced to modify lane change rules. Space-time diagram of different densities and fundamental diagrams under different parametric conditions were given by numerical simulations. The simulation results indicate that the parameter settings for affected areas of emergency vehicle only improves traffic volume with density in the range of 0.08 to 0.18 but it makes the emergency vehicle speed increase significantly in larger density. And the give way probability has an important impact on lane change times with density greater than 0.8. The study found that appearance of emergency vehicles promoted traffic flow of lower density more balanced and the interference on traffic flow of higher density was limited.