高锰酸钾对淡水壳菜的杀灭试验

Experimental studies of inactivation effect on limnoperna fortunei  with potassium permanganate

摘要:

为减少淡水壳菜对原水输水管道造成的危害,对不同条件下原水中高锰酸钾对淡水壳菜的杀灭效果进行研究,结果表明:高锰酸钾对于淡水壳菜具有一定的杀灭作用,在同一温度下,杀灭效果先随质量浓度增加而增加,当质量浓度达15 mg／L时,杀灭速率最快,在18 mg／L溶液中速率稍有下降．接触2 mg／L以上高锰酸钾溶液淡水壳菜便长时间闭壳自我保护,闭壳时间可达8 d以上,此时,杀灭效果与闭壳保护时间有关,与药剂质量浓度关系不大,当闭壳达到自身营养物质消耗殆尽时则死亡．因此,高锰酸钾的投加质量浓度选择12～18 mg／L可达到尽快杀灭淡水壳菜的目的,同时节约药剂成本．随着温度的升高,杀灭效果明显提高．不同壳长的淡水壳菜对药剂的忍耐力也不同,壳长小于10 mm和大于20 mm的对药剂的忍耐力稍弱,而处于中间壳长的忍耐力较强．

Abstract:

To reduce the harm to raw water pipes by Limnoperna fortunei, the experimental study of inactivation effect on Limnoperna fortunei with potassium permanganate under different conditions in the raw water was conducted. At the same temperature, the inactivation effect increased with the concentration of potassium first; when the concentration reached 15 mg／L, the effect was the best; the inactivation effect was worse when the concentration was 18 mg／L. When the concentration was higher than 2 mg／L, the Limnoperna fortunei closed shells to protect themselves for a long time, 8 days or more. At this time, the mortality has little to do with the concentration. The results show that the concentration of potassium permanganate of 12-18 mg／L could achieve the purpose of killing Limnoperna fortunei as soon as possible with low costs. As the temperature increases, the killing effect is improved. The tolerance of Limnoperna fortunei of which the shell length is less than 10 mm or larger than 20 mm is weaker than that of others.