路面铣刨刀具的结构与工艺分析

Structural style and process analysis of different tools for road-surface milling-planing

摘要:

为提高路面铣刨刀具设计和制造质量,对几种国内最常用的刀具进行了实体解剖,对比分析了结构差异和特点.采用金相、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、硬度仪等测试手段对比分析了几种刀具刀头和刀体材料的成分、组织和性能的差异,分析了刀头与刀体的钎焊材料选用和连接强度.依据分析和测试结果提出以下建议:路面铣刨刀具最好采用平底V型槽的焊接结构;刀头材料选用含钴量不低于8%(质量分数)的硬质合金;采用5CrMnMo等有较高抗回火温度的合金钢制造刀体并热处理至回火马氏体组织;选用含Ni和Cr的钎料和高频感应加热钎焊连接方法,以保证刀头刀体连接强度.

Abstract:

Several most commonly used tools for road-surface milling-planing are introduced,and their structural difference and characteristics are analyzed to improve the quality of tools.The material composition,structure and property,brazing material and joint strength between tool head and tool body are studied by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy depressive spectroscopy(EDS) and microhardness tester,etc.Based on experimental results,some recommendations are presented as follows:the tool with flat-bottomed and v-grooved welding structure is suited for milling-planing;the cemented carbide that the content of Cobalt is less than eight percent used as tool head material will give good results;the alloy steels,such as 5CrMnMo with high tempering temperature and tempering martensite,is selected as tool body;the tool head and tool body are jointed with Ni and Cr containing solder and high frequency induction heating brazing.