废水处理环境影响负荷的生命周期评价

Life cycle assessment of environmental impact load of wastewater treatment

摘要:

废水处理过程产生废气、废渣等二次污染的问题已经引起了越来越多的关注.为了表征该过程的环境影响,做出科学的管理决策,以哈尔滨某制药废水处理工艺为例,采用生命周期评价(LCA)方法,定量研究了废水处理全过程的环境影响负荷.在影响评价阶段,运用改进的层次分析法(AHP)确定评价指标的权重.加权评价的结果表明:该废水处理过程对不可再生资源的消耗影响最大,随后依次是填埋空间的消耗、潜在健康影响、全球变暖潜能值、水体富营养化、酸化潜值、气溶胶潜值、光化学烟雾潜值.最后根据评价结果提出减少资源消耗和污染物排放等改善措施,使废水处理发挥更大的环境效益.

Abstract:

To illuminate the environmental impacts of the secondary pollution in wastewater treatment and facilitate scientific supervision,this research takes a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment process in Harbin as an example,and quantitatively analyzes the environmental impact load of the whole process using life cycle assessment(LCA) methods. In the impact assessment phase,improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to determine the indicator weights. Weighting assessment results show that the impact on depletion of non-renewable resources is the largest,followed by land filling space,potential human health effects,global warming potential ( GWP),water eutrophication ( EU),acidification potential( AP),air quality potential (AQP),and photochemical ozone creation potential(POCP). The improvement measures for the reduction of resource consumption and pollutant emissions are proposed to make wastewater treatment play more environmental benefits.